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| normal sadness or depression? |
Depression is a common but serious illness. Each year depression affects 5-8% of adults in the United States. One in 10 people will have a depressive disorder in their lifetime and one of those 10 cases will develop into major depression and even suicide. Depression occurs 70% more frequently in women than in men.
Signs and symptoms of depression varies depending on the individuals affected. Children may not display the same symptoms with adult. Also, if you display symptoms while under influence of substance abuse, you cannot be diagnosed with depression until the effect has cleared off. Listed below are common findings in people with depression:
- Persistent sadness or low mood most of the time for at least 2 weeks
- Loss of interest in pleasurable activities or hobbies
- Fatigue and decreased energy
- Feelings of hopelessness or pessimism
- Feelings of guilt, worthlessness, or helplessness
- Irritability or restlessness
- Difficulty concentrating and making decisions
- Sleep disturbances
- Loss of appetite or overeating
- Suicide thoughts or attempts
- Aches or pains, headaches, cramps, or digestive problems.
There are several forms of depression:
Minor depression is characterized by having symptoms of depression for of at least 2 weeks, but do not meet the criteria for major depression. If left untreated, minor depression can develop into major depression.
Major depression or major depressive disorder is characterized by severe, highly persistent depression, and a loss of interest or pleasure in everyday activities. The individual may have recurrent thoughts about death and suicide. Major depression is a disabling condition and prevents a person from functioning normally.
Dysthymic disorder or dysthymia is characterized by long-term (2 years or longer) symptoms that may not be severe enough to disable a person, but can prevent normal functioning.
A lot of people with depression never seek treatment. But the majority, even those with major depressive disorder, can get better with treatment. The earlier the treatment begins, the better the prognosis. Medications, psychotherapies, and other methods can effectively treat people with depression.
